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Atrophic
vaginitis is caused by the thinning of the vaginal tissue as a result
of decreased estrogen production by the ovaries after menopause.
Atrophic vaginitis is also seen in women after surgical removal of the
ovaries. Symptoms include dryness, inflammation, irritation,
discharge, pain and discomfort. Atrophic vaginitis is often
complicated by secondary infection. Treatment includes estrogen
replacement.
Bladder
control problems are common among women of all ages. Women with
bladder control problems may develop a rash and irritation from urine,
which can be very distressing. Due to prolonged exposure to urine skin
becomes itchy, excoriated, macerated and raw and is at risk for
breakdown, ulceration, and infection. Fortunately bladder control
problems can always be treated.
Bartholin
gland is a very tiny organ, one on each side near the opening of the
vagina. This gland produces fluid to lubricate the vaginal lips. If
the opening to one of the glands is blocked, the fluid backs up. This
causes swelling of the gland and is called Bartholin gland cyst.
Bartholin gland cysts vary in size but usually are less than the size
of a golf ball.
Cysts can get infected by the bacteria and become very tender. In some
cases, walking, sitting and urination may be painful. Treatment varies
depending upon the size of the gland and symptoms.
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of vaginitis symptoms among women of childbearing age. BV is associated with sexual activity. BV reflects a change in the vaginal bacterial environment. Change in sexual partners may increase the risk of acquiring bacterial vaginosis. The primary symptom of BV is an abnormal, odorous vaginal discharge. The fish-like odor is noticeable especially after intercourse. Nearly half of the women with clinical signs of BV, however, report no symptoms. They can be treated with antibiotics. Generally, male sex partners are not treated.
Trichomoniasis, sometimes referred to as "trich," is a common STD (sexually transmitted disease) that affects 2 to 3 million Americans yearly. It is caused by a single-celled parasite called Trichomonas Vaginalis. Trichomoniasis is primarily an infection of the urogenital tract. The symptoms in women include a heavy, yellow-green or gray vaginal discharge, discomfort during intercourse, vaginal odor, and painful urination. Irritation and itching of the female genital area, and on rare occasions, lower abdominal pain also can be present. Because men can transmit the disease to their sex partners even when symptoms are not present, it is preferable to treat both partners to eliminate the parasite.
This infection is now the most common of all bacterial sexually transmitted diseases, with an estimated 4 to 8 million new cases occurring each year. In both men and women, chlamydial infection may cause an abnormal genital discharge and burning with urination. In women, untreated chlamydial infection may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, one of the most common causes of ectopic pregnancy and infertility in women. Many people with chlamydial infection, however, have few or no symptoms of infection. Once diagnosed with chlamydial infection, a person can be treated with antibiotics.
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The most common symptoms of gonorrhea are a discharge from the vagina and painful or difficult urination. The most common and serious complications occur in women and, as with chlamydial infection, these complications include pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. Antibiotics are used to treat this infection.
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The first symptoms of syphilis may go undetected because they are very mild and disappear spontaneously. The initial symptom is usually a painless open sore that usually appears around or in the vagina. It can also occur near the mouth, anus, or on the hands. If untreated, syphilis may go on to more advanced stages, including a transient rash and, eventually, serious involvement of the heart and central nervous system. The full course of the disease can take years. Syphilis is treated with antibiotics.
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